Manors, Towns, kingdoms

Feudalism
- Feudalism is the relationship between landowners and warriors.
- Warriors, also known as knights, would pledge to a lord, who would in turn give that knight land
- The lord would grant property to the knight, a servant or slave . This was "Feudal compact"
- The vassal must fight for the lord when he needs it and attend his court once a month.

Homage and Knighthood:
- A vassal was required to pay homage to his lord. This meant kneeling down and taking his hands and spoke and oath of loyalty
- Men are apprenticed to older knights before they could become a full knight themselves
- When a knight died, the lord would take it and wait until a knight was old enough to have the land.

The feudalization of the Church:
- Some clergy fought as knights

Feudal States:
- Barons were territories who paid homage to the King
- Baron's army would some times be bigger than the Kings

The Manorial Estate:
- The medieval society was divided into three estates: The Clergy, the Noble, the Common people
- Peasants would work on huge farms own by the Lady or King
- Iron-plows were a revolutionary tool that helped farms.
- The Iron-plows still did not produce tons of food.
- The "Three field system" was were two fields were planted ( one in fall, one in spring) and one was left to reconstitute its fertility, then were rotated
- People lived in awful comfort, often bringing animals in to their homes for warmth

The People of the Manor:
- The lord oversaw the people
- the lady did "lady" jobs

Trade and Towns:
- Farms produced and animals were sold in towns and people with wealth bought luxury items there
- Most towns were surrounded by walls
- Towns were dominated by a main church and a central marketplace
- Residences also sprang up outside walls in the suburbs.

The life of Townspeople:
- Townspeople were free, unlike serfs, they still had a hierarchy: merchants at the top, then skilled craftsman and artisans.

The Guilds:
- Merchants, craftsman and artisans formed their own groups called guilds which regulated their trade and protected its members
- Craftsmen were masters, journeymen, and apprentices
- Once a master, after spending years learning as an apprentice, working as a paid journeyman for a number of years, and completing his "masterpiece"

5/17/13

After Rome 500 AD- 700 Ad

- The Germanic Barbarians take over and become the Nobels of medievil Europe
- The Angles and Saxons were from Denmark and ivaded Britain and assimilated the culture
- Most of the Anglo- Saxons were converted to Christianity
- The most powerful tribe was the Franks

Eastern Europe
From East of the Empire to Byzantium

- The Eastern Roman empire was doing fine, while the west was being taken over by the Barbarians
-Justinian came into power in 527, he decided to reunite the Roman empire and wanted to conquer the western territory
-He succeeded a little bit, but was taken back over by barbarians

-Greek Byzantine emperors saw themselves as Roman empires and head of the church
-Byzantines kept Roman art, architecture, philosophy and writing despite much of it being non-Christian
-In 537 AD the finished version of the Cathedral of Hagia Sophia was finished
-

Rome fades away

This is the era when Rome started to become non-important.

What happened:
Roman territory in the west became way to hard to take care of. It was far away and  barbarians were trying to take over. This took a lot of  energy  to defend and a lot of people.

The fourth century:
- Country dwellers get bankkrupt by endless tax collection
- New farming system: peasents work for landlords on large farms
- Peasant can avoid paying taxes, but they are getting hit just as hard by the landlords
- Paying off debts and being "allowed" to live on land, in exchange for endless back-breaking work (great deal!)
- Landowners hold local power as counts and bishops, wielding more real power than the farawaay empire
- Foreshadowing feudalism

Western empire:
- Rome's power decreased, while barbarians gain power
- Rom becomes too poor, and begins to "forget" about the west
- Huns come from China to eastern Europe
- Visigoths takeover Spain and loot Rome in 410 AD
- Vandals control Carthage

End of Rome:
- 500 B.C the monarchy is abolished
- 450 B.C The twelve tables are established
- 44 B.C end of the line for Julius Ceaser
- 27 B.C- 180 B.C Pax Romana
- The last empire was a teenage boy and was deposed with out even killing him

Questions

Questions that may be on the test.

• What does the word "Gospel" mean?
• What were some examples of letters written by Paul?
• What is another name for Jesus?
• What set Jesus apart from other so called tMessiahs"
• What religions did Jesus partake in?

Questions that will be on the test?

• When was the Pax Romana?
• When did the Edict of Mulia happen?
•  How many people in the army under constantine? 500,000ES
• Why did Jesus target poor people with his message.
• What does Gospel mean? good news

99 problems

Third century

Epidemecs show up through the empire. Barbarians are raiding places in Rome because it is too hard to control. The Emperors begin to lose their power and had a hard time staying alive. The armies were too expensive. Poverty became a huge problems and citizens were upset.

Diocletian

increased the size of the army to 400,000

300 AD
60 million people in Rome
Most are Christian


It was they and them, two religions split Rome

Christianity in Pax Romana

Most of what we know about Jesus' life came from the 4 Gospels. Jesus was a Jewish teacher and was not widely known except for people who heard him speak and were moved by his words. Jesus said we must strive to be perfect for God, but we cannot be perfect and that God shall forgive us if we try hard and are on the right track. People in Rome were getting their land taken away and could not find jobs because there where so many slaves. Jesus hung out with prostitutes and tax collecters, people that society didn't like, but Jesus said that they were worth something. Jesus gave these people rights and respect. Jesus' people believed that he was the true "Messiah" who came to bring the worthy into the kingdom of heaven. Jesus was killed for claiming he was the Messiah and rose 3 days later. Paul spreaded the word of Jesus after he was knocked off his donkey and Jesus told him to stop persicuting his people and became blind. When Paul agreed to stop, Pauls sight was restored and Paul became a follower of Jesus.

Tiberius Graccus

Tiberius arrived in Spain and fought Carthage. The newmantides won battle after battle. Tiberius was forced to make peice with Spain and returned home to Rome non-vitorious. Tiberius was to sit bfore the senate to await hs punishment. One of the senators stood up for Tiberius and the general to whom Tiberius was taking orders from was punished. Tiberius marries one of the senators daughters. He does this for political power because the Senate was not on his side. Tiberius promised people land and wanted the people to vote, but was vetoed before he could do anything, Tiberius then put the Government at a standstill and the senate is thinking about killing Tiberius.

Rome notes

146 Bc- Rome attacks Carthage. This is Tiberius' chance to proove himself and not just be dads little boy. Rome won the war against Carthage and Tiberius became king and Rome destroyed Carthage and looted the city. Rome then started to hate the Plebians because there has to be a central focus point.